Immobilization of a cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) onto polyethylene film with a carboxylic acid group and production of cyclodextrins from corn starch using CGTase‐immobilized PE film

Carboxylic acid groups were introduced onto polyethylene (PE) film by radiation‐induced graft copolymerization. Subsequently, the clodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) was immobilized on the PE film with a carboxylic acid group. The activity of the immobilized CGTase on PE film was in the range of 0.40–1.04 U/cm² per min. The production of cyclodextrins (CDs) from corn starch was examined using the CGTase‐immobilized PE film. The production ratios of CDs using CGTase‐immobilized PE film was in the following order: α–CD > β–CD > γ–CD. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2451–2457, 2002     

Synthesis and fluorescence properties of aromatic‐aliphatic copolyamides

The aromatic‐aliphatic copolyamides were synthesized by condensation polymerization of aromatic diamine PPD (or APS, where PPD is p‐phenylene diamine and APS is aminophenyl sulfone), aliphatic diamine HDA (or EDA, where HDA is hexanediamine and EDA is ethylenediamine), and TPC (where TPC is terephthalyl chloride) with different molar ratios of aromatic diamine to aliphatic diamine. The steady‐state fluorescence of these condensed copolymers was investigated. These copolyamides exhibit strong blue‐to‐green fluorescence. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 315–321, 2005     

丙烯酸酯乳液的改性研究

制备了丙烯酸酯乳液,探讨了丙烯酸、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、二乙烯基苯、丙烯腈和三聚氰胺等不同改性剂对乳液性能的影响,在此基础上通过互穿网络聚合、化学共聚及物理共混等方法对乳液的性能进行了改性研究。     

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline with m-aminophenol and novel electrical properties of the copolymer in the wide pH range

A copolymer, poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol), has been synthesized using repeated potential cycling. The monomer concentration ratio, acid concentration and applied potential strongly affect the copolymerization rate and the properties of the copolymer. The optimum conditions for the copolymerization are that the scan potential range is controlled between −0.10 and 0.95 V (vs.SCE), and a solution consists of 0.34 M aniline, 0.012 M m-aminophenol and 2 M H₂SO₄. The IR spectra of the copolymers demonstrate that the m-aminophenol units are included in the copolymer chains. The cyclic voltammograms of the copolymers in 0.3 M Na₂SO₄ solution with various pH values were performed at the potential ranges from −0.20 to 0.80 V and at a scan rate of 60 mV s⁻¹. The results indicate that the copolymer still hold 41.7% of the electrochemical activity when the copolymer electrode was transferred from a solution of pH 5.0 to a solution of pH 11.0 in the potential range of −0.20 to 0.80 V. An impedance plot of the copolymer in a solution with pH 12.0 and at 0.40 V is constructed of a semicircle and a Warburg line with a slope of 1. This means that the electrode reaction of the copolymer at pH 12.0 is also under mass transfer control. The conductivity of the copolymer prepared under the optimum conditions is 1.42 S cm⁻¹, and slightly depends on the pH value. Thus, the pH dependence of the electrical properties of the copolymer is improved compared with poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol), and is much better than that of the parent polyaniline.     

聚醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液的改性研究

以醋酸乙烯酯为原料,聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯为改性单体,研究了单体配比、引发剂、乳化剂用量和温度对醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液性能的影响。研究表明,当丙烯酸丁酯与醋酸乙烯酯的质量比为12/30,引发剂的质量分数为0.15%,乳化剂的质量分数为0.3%,在反应温度为75℃时,可制得性能优异的聚醋酸乙烯酯胶粘剂,其T型剥离强度和耐水性能可达105 N/25mm和67 N/25mm。     

聚碳酸酯光学性能应用及改进研究进展

概述了光学级聚碳酸酯结构与光学性能的关系和其在光学领域的应用,对其光学异向性产生的原因进行了讨论,并对改善聚碳酸酯光学异向性的途径进行了归纳,通过采用共聚、共混方法可使聚碳酸酯的双折射得到有效的降低。     

Influence of grafted polypropylene on the mechanical properties of mineral‐filled polypropylene composites

The purpose of this work was to study how mineral fillers would behave in a polypropylene (PP) matrix when PP modified with maleic anhydride (MA) and/or itaconic acid (IA) was used as a coupling agent in the preparation of mineral‐filled PP composites. The composites were characterized with tensile mechanical measurements and morphological analysis. The optimum amount of the coupling agent to be used to obtain composites with improved mechanical properties was established. The results indicated that these coupling agents enhanced the tensile strength of the composites significantly, and the extent of the coupling effect depended on the nature of the interface that formed. The incorporation of coupling agents enhanced the resistance to deformation of the composite. The behavior of IA‐modified PP as a coupling agent was similar to that of a commercial MA‐modified PP for the filled PP composites. Evidence of improved interfacial bonding was revealed by scanning electron microscopy studies, which examined the surfaces of fractured tensile test specimens; their microstructures confirmed the mechanical results with respect to the observed homogeneous or optimized dispersion of the mineral‐filler phase in these composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2343–2350, 2007     

Modification of leather properties by grafting. I. Effect of monomer chain on the physico‐mechanical properties of grafted leather

Although leather has a number of desirable properties such as thermal stability and fire retardancey, in addition to high toughness, it has a few drawbacks such as weight, high water absorption, poor soil and rot resistance, and nonuniformity. If these defects are overcome, leather's usefulness would be further enhanced and its competitive position with respect to synthetics would increase. This study reports the physical and mechanical properties of buffalo leather after chemical graft copolymerization with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2‐ethyl hexyl acrylate using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The optimum conditions for grafting (e.g., monomer and initiator concentrations, temperature and time of grafting, and solvent leather ratio) were extensively investigated. The study achieved outstanding properties for buffalo leather in reduction of water uptake after grafting, especially on using 2‐ethyl hexyl acrylate and butyl acrylate monomers. FT‐IR and solid ¹³C‐NMR for leather before and after grafting confirmed the grafting process.© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1478–1483, 2003     

Surface properties of block and graft polystyrene–polydimethylsiloxane copolymers

The surface compositions of a series of polystyrene‐b‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐b‐PDMS) and polystyrene‐g‐polydimethylsiloxane (PS‐g‐PDMS) copolymers were investigated using ATR‐FTIR and XPS technique. The results showed that enrichment of PDMS soft segments occurred on the surface of the block copolymers as well as on that of graft copolymers. And the magnitude order of the enrichment was as follows: PS‐b‐PDMS > PS‐g‐PDMS, which was attributed to the facilitating of the movement of the PDMS segments in PS‐b‐PDMS copolymer. Meanwhile, the solvent type and the contact medium had influence on the accumulation of PDMS on the surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物P(AM/NaAA/DiAC_(16))水溶液的黏度行为

采取前加碱二元胶束共聚-后水解法合成了三元疏水缔合水溶性聚合物聚(丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠/N,N-双烯丙基十六胺)[P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)],研究了其水溶液的黏度行为。当x(DiAC16)=0.10%~0.40%时,在30℃、1 mol/LNaCl水溶液中,P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)的特性黏数[η]、Huggins常数KH、黏均相对分子质量Mη分别为22.59~19.62 dL/g、0.144~0.294和12.49×106~10.47×106g/mol;KH小于0.8,表明其分子内缔合作用较弱。P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)在矿化度为19 334μg/g盐水溶液中的表观黏度随疏水单体用量的增加而增加,随温度、剪切速率的增加而降低。在NaCl、CaCl2的离子强度分别为1.26×10-3~4.88×10-3mol/kg、1.07×10-4~5.28×10-4mol/kg的水溶液中,P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)出现盐增黏现象,疏水单体用量越高,盐增黏效应越显著。当ρ(SDS)=0~0.07 g/dL时,P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)水溶液的表观黏度有明显增加,表明P(AM/NaAA/DiAC16)/SDS分子缔合作用较强。